How to change your name after marriage with the IRS: A guide to avoid tax season woes
This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice.
Always consult with a tax professional for your specific circumstances.
Marriage changes many things – your relationship status, perhaps your address, and for some, your name.
But when it comes to taxes, a name change can complicate matters if not handled properly.
Let’s dive into everything you need to know about name changes and taxes, from the paperwork you’ll need to the steps you’ll follow to ensure a smooth tax filing process.
Why does the IRS care about your name?
The IRS uses your Social Security Number (SSN) to match your tax return with your records at the Social Security Administration (SSA).
If the name on your tax return doesn’t match what the SSA has on file, your return could be rejected, delaying refunds and causing a headache you don’t need.
"When it comes to taxes, your name is more than a formality; it’s the key to your tax identity," – Reid Kopald, EA.
Steps to change your name after marriage with the IRS
To make your name change official with the IRS, you’ll need to update your records with the SSA first.
Here’s a detailed walkthrough:
Step 1: Update your name with the SSA
The SSA processes name changes for tax purposes. Start by filling out Form SS-5 (Application for a Social Security Card).
What you’ll need:
- Your marriage certificate (certified copy)
- Proof of identity (like a driver’s license or passport)
- Proof of US citizenship or lawful immigration status
Submit the form in person at your local SSA office or by mail.
Pro tip: Wait at least 10 days after the SSA processes your name change before filing your taxes. This gives the IRS time to sync their records.
Step 2: Notify other institutions
Beyond the SSA, make sure your employer, bank, and other payers (like freelance clients) have your new name.
Step 3: Use your new name on your tax return
File your taxes using your updated name as it appears on your new Social Security card.
Double-check for consistency to avoid rejections.
Filing taxes after a name change
Tax filing may seem straightforward, but a name change can throw a wrench into the process if overlooked.
Here’s what to keep in mind:
Choosing the right filing status
Your marital status as of December 31 determines your filing status.
Most married couples file jointly, but separate filing may be better in certain situations. If you’re unsure, consult a tax professional.
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Dependent name changes
If you’re claiming a dependent who has also had a name change, you’ll need to update their SSA records too.
Handling mismatched names
If your SSA update isn’t complete when tax season rolls around, you may need to file under your previous name to avoid delays.
Common questions about name changes and taxes
1. What if I forgot to update my name with the SSA?
Your tax return could be rejected.
However, you can still correct the issue by updating your SSA record and resubmitting your return.
2. Does my employer need to know about my name change?
Yes! Employers must report your name and SSN to the IRS on your W-2 form.
If they don’t match SSA records, you could face processing delays.
3. Can I update my name directly with the IRS?
No, the IRS relies on SSA records.
Your first step should always be updating your name with the SSA.
What about expats with name changes?
For expats, name changes add an extra layer of complexity.
Many expats deal with multiple tax authorities, and ensuring that your updated name matches records in both the US and your host country is crucial.
- Update both systems: Notify local tax authorities as well as the SSA.
- Beware of timing issues: International mail delays can slow down SSA updates, so plan accordingly.
- Tax treaties and complications: If your name change affects legal documents tied to tax treaties, consult a professional.
Comparative guide: Old name vs. new name on taxes
| Scenario | Outcome | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Name on tax return doesn’t match SSA | Return rejected or refund delayed | Update SSA and resubmit |
| W-2/1099 issued under old name | Possible mismatch with SSA | Notify employer/payer to issue corrected forms |
| Dependent’s name changed but not SSA | Child Tax Credit may be denied | Update dependent’s SSA record |
| Filing late after marriage | Filing status confusion and potential penalties | File for an extension and consult a tax professional |
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Bottom line
A name change doesn’t have to mean a tax nightmare.
By notifying the SSA, updating your records, and working with a professional, you can ensure a stress-free tax season.
Whether you’re newly married or just tying up loose ends, take the time to align your name with your tax records. Your future self (and your refund) will thank you.
FAQ
Yes, but you must use the name currently on file with the SSA. Update your records after filing to avoid future issues.
Typically, it takes about 10 business days for the SSA to update your records after receiving your request.
You’ll need to correct your name with the SSA and refile your tax return if it’s rejected. Contact the IRS for guidance if your refund is stuck in processing.
If you own a business, you may need to inform the IRS of your name change via a written notice or tax form. A new EIN isn’t typically required unless your business structure changes.
Yes, as long as your SSA records are updated. Otherwise, you may need to file by mail to avoid electronic rejection.